Condenser.



PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. N. H. HILLERh CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. 1906.

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PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. N. H. HILLBR.

CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILED MAR.1,1906.

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UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONDENSER- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

Application filed March 1,1906. Serial No. 303,574.

To all who? it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NICOLAI H. HILLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Carbondale, in the county of Iiackawanna and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCondensers, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to condensing or cooling coils forrefrigerating-machines, and particularly to the double-pipe system,wherein two pipes, one within the other, and having an intermediateannular space, is I 5 used, the inner pipe for conveying the coolingmedium and the outerintermediate space for the refrigerant gas orliquid.

The object of the invention is to circulate as large a volume of waterand. gas

as practical and avoid excessive friction, and also to prevent leakageof the separable parts due to expansion or contraction of the connectedparts; and the invention consists in passing the circulating water and 25 gas in separate streams and in opposite directions through groups ofcoils composed of the two pipes which connect, respectively, withseparate gas and water headers at their extreme ends and having thereturn- 0 bends of the coils suspended, as hereinafter set forth.

To enable others to understand and use the invention, I will proceed todescribe its operation in connection with an apparatus 3 5 asillustrated in the accompanying drawmgs, which form a part of thisspecification,

and wherein the constructive details willbe incidentally referred to.

Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus, partly in elevation andsection and showing portions of its interior construction; Fig. 2, asimilar plan view; Fig. 3, an enlarged view, partlyin section, of thoreturn b end construction; and Fig. 4, an end view, in cross-section, ofthe headers or manifolds and pipe con nections on the line 2, Fig. 1.

The condenser herein shown is adapted to a four-pass system, but can bearranged for any number of passes desired.

In operation the gas enters through pipe G into the space 1 in theheader A, Figs. 1 and 4, and is deflected by the diaphragm or partition2 into the annular spaces 3 between the inner pipe 4 and. outer pipe 5,the' 5 5 gas from the space 1 of the header A flowing through one groupof pipes in the three annular spaces 3 in parallel streams to andthrough the passage 6 of the return-bend and to the adjacent header AFigs. 2 and 4. From the header A the gas passes into the annular spaces7 through the adjacent group of pipes, Fig. 4, in a reverse direction,as indicated by the arrows, and enters the space S of header A, and thenpasses out through exit-pipe X. The water-inlet is shown at IV, Fig. 1,connecting with the front header 11. The water entering the chamber Softhe header 11 is deflected by the diaphragm or partition 9, Fig. 1., andenters the interior pipes 1 in separate streams, as indicated by thearrows, then passes through the pipes 4 and return-bend 12 to thechamberN of the header 10, and out through the exit-pipe VW. The flow ofthe gas and water is in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows inFigs. 1 and 2, and during the operation the heat in the gas is impartedto the water, thus condensing the gas, which will readily be understood.In all operations of this character it is necessary to use a certainquantity of condensing-water, this quantity depending on the initialtcl'nperaturc of the water and quantity available. In the use of verywarm water the quantity required is much greater than in the use of coldwater.

In order to reduce frictional resistance, the water is passed in aseparate stream through three coils, which in the particular structureshown form one of the groups. If, however, the water-supply is colder,it would be advantageous to reduce the maximum quantity of water andpass it through a group composed of but two of the coils, setting thediaphragm 9 in the water-headers accordingly. It is also possible todivide the flow of gas in the same manner by using a greater or lessnumber of groups of the coils and plac ing the diaphragm 2 in the headerA wherecver desired. By such modifications a condenser of this kind canbe built for any required capacity by simply adding or reduc ing thenumber of the groups and coils used and changing the position. of thediaphragms. It will also be seen that though the incoming gas-headersand water-headers are rigid castings any contraction or expansion ofeither of the connected int :rnal pipes 4 or the external pipes 5 willbe taken care of by the free and suspended return-bend construction ofeach coil.

In the sectional part of the view in Fig. 3 the connection of the outerpipe 5 is shown the drawings, like, for example, the screwplugs andopening in the header 10 opposite the circulating-tubes for the purposeof cleansing, &c.

The structure shown is differentiated from prior devices in that it hasseparate groups of coils of pipes which are rigidly connected toseparate headers at the extreme end of the respective pipes of eachcoil, the return-bend of each of the coils being suspended and leftfree, and also wherein both the circulating mediums are passedrespectively through the condenser in opposite directions and wherebythe friction of the passing gas and water is reduced and danger ofleakage through expansion and contraction of the connected partspractically avoided by the free movement permitted of the suspendedreturn-bend of each coil.

I am not aware that a structure for this purpose has heretofore beendevised wherein both the water and gas is passed through the condenserin separated groups of coils and both receive the advantage ofcounter-currents as in the present invention. Therefore What I claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s I 1. A condenser comprisingseparate groups of coils of circulating-pipes respectively connectedwith separate gas and water headers, each coil composed of sets of twopipes one placed within the other and forming a central' and anintermediate passage, the eX- treme ends of the pipes of each coil beingconnected with the respective gas and water headers and the return-bendof each coil left suspended as set forth.

2. A condenser for refrigerating-machines comprising separate groups, ofcoils of circulating-pipes connected, respectively, with separate gasand water headers, each coil composed of sets of two pipes placed onewithin the other and forming a central and an intermediate space,whereby one or a plurality of streams of water and gas may be passedthrough the group of coils separately and in opposite directions as setforth.

In testimony whereof I afl'iX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NICOLAI H. HILLER. VTitnesses T. D. PAUL, D. N. LATHROPE.

